Depends on the source
- Usually made from
- Animal or plant fats
- Used as
- emulsifier
- Vegan
- Depends on the source
Plant-based versions are common. Look for “vegetable origin” or a halal certificate.
What is E475?
Polyglycerol esters are emulsifiers made in two steps. Glycerol is first heated so that several molecules join into polyglycerol, mostly two to four units long. The polyglycerol is then reacted with food fats and oils, or with fatty acids taken from them.
Why it's marked “Depends on the source”
In the EU the polyglycerol must now be made from glycerol meeting the E422 standard, which means vegetable origin, but the fatty part can still come from plant oils or animal fats. EFSA's review notes that lard and tallow can be used alongside vegetable oils. That fat source decides the status.
How to check the label
Look for “vegetable origin” or a halal certificate. The label may say polyglycerol esters of fatty acids or E475; neither tells you the fat source, so ask the manufacturer if the product is not certified.
Where you'll find it
- cakes and sponges
- desserts
- dairy alternatives
- food supplements
Good to know
- EFSA re-evaluated E475 in 2017 and found no need for a numerical ADI.
- Since 2023, EU rules require the polyglycerol in E475 to be made from glycerol that meets the E422 specification.
- Fine bakery wares such as cakes were among the main sources of E475 intake in EFSA's estimates.
Similar additives
See all 89 E-numbers in the halal checker
This list describes where additives usually come from. It isn't a religious ruling, and manufacturers can change their sources. Last reviewed: 14 October 2026.
Sources
- EFSA re-evaluation of polyglycerol esters E475 (2017)
- Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/1329 (E422, E475, E476 specifications)
- US 21 CFR 172.854, polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
Frequently asked questions
Is E475 halal?
Depends on the source. In the EU the polyglycerol must now be made from glycerol meeting the E422 standard, which means vegetable origin, but the fatty part can still come from plant oils or animal fats. EFSA's review notes that lard and tallow can be used alongside vegetable oils. That fat source decides the status.
What is E475 made from?
Polyglycerol esters are emulsifiers made in two steps. Glycerol is first heated so that several molecules join into polyglycerol, mostly two to four units long. The polyglycerol is then reacted with food fats and oils, or with fatty acids taken from them.
Is E475 vegan?
It depends on the source. E475 can be made from plant or animal material, so look for a vegan or vegetarian label.