Is E450 halal?

What is E450?

Diphosphates, also called pyrophosphates, are mineral salts made by neutralising phosphoric acid with sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium compounds, then heating the dried salt above 200 °C so that pairs of phosphate units join. A common one is disodium diphosphate, the acid part of many baking powders.

Why it's marked “Generally halal”

Diphosphates are made from mined phosphate and mineral salts by neutralising and heating. No animal material, alcohol or fermentation is involved at any stage, so they are generally regarded as halal.

How to check the label

No special check is needed. On labels you may see E450, diphosphates, disodium diphosphate or sodium acid pyrophosphate, often listed under raising agents.

Where you'll find it

• baking powder
• self-raising flour
• refrigerated dough
• processed cheese
• cooked meat products

Good to know

• Disodium diphosphate (E450 i) is also called sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP); together with sodium bicarbonate it releases carbon dioxide that makes baked goods rise.
• EFSA's 2019 group ADI for phosphates, 40 mg per kg body weight per day as phosphorus, covers diphosphates too, but does not apply to people with moderate to severe kidney impairment.

Similar additives

• E339 Sodium phosphates Generally halal
• E500 Sodium carbonates (baking soda) Generally halal
• E171 Titanium dioxide Generally halal
• E551 Silicon dioxide Generally halal
• E331 Sodium citrates Generally halal
• E503 Ammonium carbonates Generally halal

See all 89 E-numbers in the halal checker

This list describes where additives usually come from. It isn't a religious ruling, and manufacturers can change their sources. Last reviewed: 14 October 2026.

Sources

1. EFSA re-evaluation of phosphates E338–E452 (2019)
2. EU specifications for food additives, Regulation (EU) No 231/2012

Frequently asked questions